How High-NA Microscope Objectives Empower Quantum Computing
1. The Foundations of Quantum Computing
1.1 From Bit to Qubit: Computing Beyond Classical Limits
Traditional computers operate using bits, which are either 0 or 1. Quantum computers use qubits—quantum bits—that can exist in both states simultaneously due to superposition.
- Superposition allows qubits to process multiple possibilities at once, leading to exponential increases in computing power.
- Entanglement links qubits so that changes in one instantly affect the other, even at a distance. This interdependence underpins advanced applications in simulation, cryptography, and optimization.