Higher-resolution imaging boosts augmented reality applications

Augmented reality (AR) is evolving rapidly and is transforming how we interact with digital content and the physical world. While AR visors come in different designs for different applications, one common feature is the position of the projecting display close to the face of the user. For some applications, this closeness can cause discomfort while using the AR device. Designing a more ergonomic visor while also providing a seamless and immersive experience requires the ability to transfer high-resolution images.

One of the latest advancements within this field is SCHOTT’s transverse Anderson localization optical fiber (TALOF)-based nanowaveguide technology (see Fig. 1), which is designed to significantly enhance imaging systems.

Design story

Traditional fiber-optic image guides are limited in resolution due to optical fiber crosstalk that introduces noise to the transmitted image, which in turn leads to suboptimal image quality and contrast.

Our nanowaveguide technology is designed to address these challenges by leveraging transverse Anderson localization (TAL), a phenomenon that enables the effective direction of light across its transverse path. Within the realm of glass optical fibers, TALOF, we accomplish it by creating rigid or flexible nanowaveguides that use at least two different types of optical glass arranged in a disordered manner (see Fig. 2). The glass types include borosilicate glass, fused silica, or infrared glasses. This disordered arrangement minimizes light scattering and ensures the confinement of light in nanoscale structures, leading to precise localization at the nanoscale.

By reducing the diameter of the structural components to less than 1 µm, TAL-based nanowaveguides use light diffraction to achieve resolutions that significantly exceed 200 line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm)—a high level of image resolution, even under white Lambertian illumination. It surpasses modern fiber-optic systems that depend on total internal reflection, which restricts its maximum resolution to the size of the fiber itself—and the optimal performance achieved in optical fiber bundles for light localization typically results in a resolution of about 4 µm. But our new nanowaveguides can achieve narrow localization spots far better than 2.5 µm, which enables sharper, more precise image guidance, and makes it suitable for high-performance applications.

High image fidelity

High image fidelity is essential for AR applications such as medical imaging, gaming, and industrial design, where precision and clarity are key. The ability to deliver higher-resolution images means that next-gen AR devices can be designed with a lower weight load on the head of the users, while ensuring high-quality interaction during use.

This feature also addresses another issue commonly found in AR systems: User discomfort caused by bright displays positioned too close to the eyes. Nanowaveguides can achieve emission angles of more than 120°, which allows the display to be positioned further from a user’s face while maintaining image quality. This broader emission angle is crucial to create a comfortable and immersive AR experience because it reduces eyestrain and enhances the field of view.

By moving the display away from the face, users experience less fatigue and a more comfortable interaction with AR systems. This improvement is particularly beneficial for applications that require prolonged use, such as training simulations, remote assistance, and entertainment. Enhanced comfort leads to better user engagement and satisfaction, which makes AR systems more practical and enjoyable.

Beyond high-resolution imaging and innovative display positioning, our nanowaveguide technology offers several other advantages that contribute to the overall effectiveness of AR systems. It simplifies the process of light-emitting diode (LED) array alignment and bonding to waveguides, which reduces production time and enhances quality control. This ease of manufacturing can ensure AR devices are reliable and consistent in performance, which are essential for both consumer and industrial applications. It also enables solutions tailored to specific applications. By combining high-quality optical materials, our nanowaveguide technology can be optimized for use cases ranging from medical diagnostics to automotive displays. This flexibility ensures AR systems can meet the diverse needs of different industries.

A leap forward for AR

Nanowaveguide technology represents a significant leap forward in the development of imaging systems. By providing high-resolution images that enable innovative system designs, it enhances the visual experience and improves user comfort. The nanowaveguide’s design also makes detector alignment and customized solutions easier—and underscores its potential to revolutionize AR applications.

As AR continues to evolve, developments like our TAL-based nanowaveguides will play a crucial role shaping the future of digital interaction. Whether it’s in healthcare, entertainment, or industrial design, the ability to deliver clear, accurate, and comfortable AR experiences will drive its adoption and success within numerous fields.