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  • Volume 48, Issue 03
  • Volume 48, Issue 03

    More content from Volume 48, Issue 03

    Quantum-dot laser diode and volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) in an external cavity produce two wavelength pairs for generation of terahertz radiation
    A single quantum-dot (QD) laser diode developed by a group at the University of Dundee generates stable dual and/or multiple longitudinal modes in the near-infrared.
    March 5, 2012
    (Courtesy of M. Khajavikhan)
    Diagrams reveal the construction (a) and mode structure (b and d) within the coaxial nanolasers; a scanning-electron micrograph shows the actual nanolaser (c).
    Researchers have unveiled the smallest room-temperature CW lasers operating at telecommunications wavelengths ever produced—and they operate with practically no lasing threshold...
    March 5, 2012
    1304qa Chang New
    I was flattered when Conard Holton asked me to give the keynote at the Lasers & Photonics Marketplace Seminar at Photonics West. Given that the meeting was to be attended by 125...
    March 2, 2012
    (Courtesy of Colorado State University)
    The experimental setup and corresponding spectrum is shown for an 8.8 nm soft-x-ray laser that operates at 1 Hz with low pump energy.
    A team of researchers have demonstrated a high-pulse-energy, 8.8 nm tabletop x-ray laser source that operates at a 1 Hz repetition rate.
    March 2, 2012
    (Courtesy of A. Alu)
    The cloaked cylinder is seen from its side (a) and end (b), along with a cross-section of the plasmonic material jacket (c).
    Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have "cloaked" a macroscopic object in free space from detection in three dimensions at all viewing angles for the first time....
    March 2, 2012
    (Courtesy of the Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program)
    A laser dazzler is used from a Humvee.
    Nonlethal laser weapons are going big time. After testing green laser “dazzlers” at checkpoints in Afghanistan and Iraq, the US Army in November 2011 ordered thousands more “Green...
    March 1, 2012
    (Courtesy of L. Wang)
    FIGURE 1. Photoacoustic microscopy provides anatomical, chemical, and dynamic imaging. Using 584 nm light to image a mouse ear bearing a xenotransplanted B16 melanoma tumor (white-dashed box in [a]), this image reveals a principal artery-vein pair (magenta-dashed box in [a]) that feeds and drains the tumor region. In this image, depth is color-coded: blue (superficial) to red (deep). For comparison to traditional microscopy, see the white-light photograph of the mouse ear (b), which is shown at lower resolution. Photoacoustic technology can also reveal melanin (c), and here the blood vessels are invisible due to the weak absorption of hemoglobin at the wavelength used. For examples of dynamic imaging, see the photoacoustic images of oxygen saturation in the principal arterial-vein pair revealed with dual-wavelengths excitation at 584 and 594 nm (d) and flow velocity imaging of the principal arterial-vein pair (e). The arrows show the directions of positive and negative flow, and pulsing is even visible.
    Laser-induced ultrasonic emission, converted to imagery, enables deep-tissue views of mechanisms in organs, cells, subcellular structures, and even biochemicals—without labels...
    March 1, 2012
    FIGURE 1. When imaging through horizontal turbulence, light bundles emitted by different object points go through different volumes of turbulence, resulting in statistically uncorrelated phase distortions for different object points.
    No single technology solves the problem of imaging through turbulent atmosphere, but combining adaptive optics, real-time adaptation of system parameters, multiplexed imaging,...
    March 1, 2012
    FIGURE 1. Living Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are measured with a closed-loop quantitative imaging (QI) AFM scanning system in a Petri dish heater at 37°C in buffer solution. The optical phase contrast image is overlaid with the AFM height image (a), and a 3D topography image shows a scan with an area of 25 μm2 (b). The z-range giving the height information is 3.6 μm.
    A new atomic-force microscopy (AFM) quantitative imaging (QI) mode is not a product, but a new methodology that makes it easier to image difficult samples without the need for...
    March 1, 2012
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    Thanks to military night vision advances, small-pore microchannel plates result in faster photomultipliers that compete directly with streak cameras in terms of dynamic range ...
    March 1, 2012
    (Courtesy of J. Anthony)
    FIGURE 1. A micrograph of a Kagome PMMA fiber shows its lattice structure and hollow core (a). The terahertz-TDS setup (b) used to characterize the fiber section (magenta color) includes an acousto-optic modulator (AOM), two off-axis parabolic metal mirrors (OAPMs), a photoconductive antenna (PCA), and a symmetric-pass (S-P) lens.
    Kagome air-core microstructured polymer fibers are a new class of broadband terahertz waveguides with low loss and low dispersion characteristics.
    March 1, 2012
    FIGURE 1. Kodak's grating electromechanical system uses diffractive ribbons to deflect laser light for pixelization.
    A combination of 2D spatial light modulators and efficient solid-state lasers may enable the long-desired use of laser projection in cinemas.
    March 1, 2012
    FIGURE 1. Effects of nanosecond pulses and femtosecond pulses are compared. The nanosecond pulse at left melts surface material before ablation, transferring heat to adjacent areas, which alters many materials. Femtosecond pulse at right ablates material by multiphoton ionization, with very little heat transfer to adjacent material.
    By ablating small amounts of material at a time, picosecond and femtosecond lasers can cleanly machine brittle glasses and ceramics, as well as performing other delicate operations...
    March 1, 2012
    FIGURE 1. The simple architecture is shown for a mid-infrared supercontinuum laser (MISCL) using modulational instability initiated SC generation.
    A supercontinuum laser based on an erbium/ytterbium power amplifier emits over approximately 0.8–4.2 μm, while a second version based on a thulium-doped power amplifier covers...
    March 1, 2012
    Conard Holton2
    Acronyms have been used to simplify communications for thousands of years—the official name for the Roman Republic, and then Empire, was SPQR (Senatus Populusque Romanus). Today...
    March 1, 2012